Comparative the chemical structure and physical properties of locally grown flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) from Hama with some imported items from Egypt and India

Abstract

   The study which has been done in the ministry of health  labs, Industrial Research and Testing center, labs belong to Directorate of supply in Damascus, and Department of  Food Science at Faculty of  Agriculture during February and march of 2017, aimed to determine the physiochemical properties of 10 flaxseed samples(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J), (6 local from Hama, 2 Indian and 2 Egyptian). The highest and lowest values​​ were: moisture (3.45-4.306)%, fat (37.33-41.99)%, ​​protein (21.57-23.29)%, fibers (9.73-12.03)%, ash (3.466-4.26)% , carbohydrates (16.34-22.79)%, C_16:0 (Palmitic acid)(4.98-7.027)%, C_18:0 (Stearic acid)(3.87-5.05)%, C_18:1 (oleic acid)(20.22-25.97)%, C_18:2 (linoleic acid)(12.88-15.08)%, C_18:3 (linolenic acid)(49.046-53.71)%, ​​total phenols (0.717-1.34)mg/g, water absorption (2.02-2.55)g/g, oil absorption (1.5-2.02)g/g, foam capacity (10.13-12.5)ml and foam stability (7.3-9.46)ml. The local samples showed the highest values​​ in: protein (in sample F), carbohydrates (A), C_16:0 (D), C_18:0 (E), C_18:1 (C), foam capacity (F) and foam stability (F). While the imported samples recorded the highest values​​ in: moisture (in sample I), fat (J), fibers (G), ash (J) , C_18:2 (I), C_18:3 (J), ​​total phenols (I), water absorption (in G), oil absorption (G). The results showed that there were some significant differences between local samples and between local and imported ones.