Correlation Between Smoking and Cervical Cancer in Syria

Abstract

Background and objective: Most universal researches show some correlation between smoking and intraepithelial neoplasia of cervix and cervical carcinoma, and show also the effects of smoking on increasing the effects of HPV infection and so the cervical cancer incidence. In our study we aimed to focus on this question: Is there a correlation between smoking and cervical cancer in our country Syria , and is smoking itself play the essential role in that , or the lifestyle of smoker female and what association of risk factors is the reason of that?

Materials and Methods: This research consider a form of cohort studies. We studied 5000 cases of female genital tract cancers, 2190 cases of it was cervical carcinoma and that between the years 2000 – 2015 in the University Maternity Hospital in Damascus, the age of female in this study was between 9 – 86 years

Results : Of 2190 cases of cervical carcinoma, 2020 cases were squamous cell carcinoma , and 170 cases were adenocarcinoma , the rest cases of female genital tract carcinomas in our study was 2810 cases varied as vulvar, endometrial, ovarian and gestational trophoblastic carcinomas. The number of smoker were 210 of 2190 women which had cervical carcinoma (9.5%) , and the number of non-smoker were 1980 women (90.5%) . Whereas the number of smoker for rest female genital tracts cancers in our study were 285 of 2810 (10%) , and the number of non-smoker were 2525 of 2810 (90%)

Conclusion: On insertion the data in the statistical program SPSS and calculate the kappa value, we noticed that there is no important correlation between smoking and cervical cancer incidence in our country Syria , where the kappa value was 0.5, and that interfered with most universal researches in this field. And that may be because of variation of lifestyle and variation of genes in different populations and different its habits, diseases, environment, and epidemiology. On the other hand, we must concentrate in the future researches on the effects of lifestyle of smoker women on the incidence of cervical cancer such as alcohol consumption , oral contraceptive use, more than one sex partner , and HPV infection more than the effects of smoking itself .