Effect of Prosthetic Materials on Stress Distribution in All On 4 Technique by 3D Finite Elements Analysis

Abstract

Background & Aim: to study the stress distribution in All on 4 mandibular prosthesis in the bone, implants and prosthesis of different framework materials using three-dimensional finite element analysis.

Materials and methods: A 3D model of an edentulous  mandible was constructed from a CBCT scan, then  implants and abutments models were designed by All on 4 concept with a 30° posterior tilted implants using three materials: chromium cobalt, zirconia, and PEEK. An axial load of 100 N was applied between the centrals, and finite element analysis was performed to obtain the distribution of stresses in the implants, the peri-implant bone and the framework.

Results: The chromium-cobalt and zirconia models showed a similar stress distribution, and the PEEK model showed the lowest stress in the framework and the highest stress in the cortical bone and implants.

Conclusions: The use of chromium-cobalt and zirconia frameworks showed a good stress distribution in All on 4 mandibular prosthesis, while PEEK increases the stress in the implants and its surrounding bone and needs more studies to understand the biomechanical behavior when used as a framework.