Successive Solvent Soxhlet Extraction and Phytochemical Screening and in Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant of Bauhinia Variegate Leaves Extracts

Abstract

The effect of the extraction by Soxhlet Apparatus of the leaves of Bauhinia variegata was studied for free radical scavenging and antioxidants activities in vitro. The extracts were quantitatively analyzed for total phenolic and flavonoid contents using spectrophotometric methods. In vitro free radical scavenging activity of extracts were studied for DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl), Reducing Power (RPA), ferric reducing antioxidant power using TPTZ (2.4.6-tripyridyl-striazine), Hydrogen Peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, Ferric thiocyanate assay (FTC) scavenging activities using Gallic acid, BHT and ascorbic acid as standard were examined. Maximum phenolic content showed by Me.fr, followed by Et.fr, Aqu.fr and Cl.fr then Hx.fr which showed the lowest phenolic content. Cl.fr showed highest flavonoid content against other fractions whose flavonoid content reported as the following order (Hx.fr ˃ Et.fr ˃ Me.fr ˃ Aqu.fr). The extracts showed antioxidant activity with 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀), for DPPH radical-scavenging, Reducing power, TPTZ assay, Hydrogen Peroxide, Hydroxyl radical’s and FTC Assay. In conclusion, Finally, the different extracts from Bauhinia variegata leaves and specifically the Me.fr extract reveal several properties such as higher DPPH (IC₅₀ = 77.22), RPA (IC₅₀ = 95.43), TPTZ (IC₅₀ = 33.106) significant antioxidant capacities, whereas the Cl.fr had

a higher H₂O₂ scavenging activity (IC₅₀ = 43.76) and the Et.fr had a higher hydroxyl radicals scavenging activity (IC₅₀ = 133.07) significant antioxidant capacities, while, It was observed that Cl.fr possessed the highest value FTC inhibition activity (55.15 ± 0.99%). This study contributed to the knowledge of the chemical and biological properties of Bauhinia variegata and will subsidize future studies of this species.