study Chemical composition of oils extracted from three types of Syrian Myrtus communis

Abstract

Volatile oil is extracted from the leaves and fruits of three types of Myrtle which are common types growing in the coastal province in Syria, and they are: cultured M. communis, white wild Myrtle, and blue wild Myrtle. Then a quality and quantity analysis was done using an apparatus called GC-MS.

Results showed that the Myrtle leaves are richer in oil than the fruits of the three types; that the oil quantity in leaves ranges between 0.96-1.37% but in fruit reaches 0.04-0.13%, and there could determine thirty five chemical compounds in all type of oil, and noticed a difference in the quantities of these compounds, but the difference was limited between leaves and fruits. those compounds are mainly : α- pinene, 1,8- cineole, α-terpineol, linalool, linalyl acetate, α-terpinyl acetate, For the three types it was noticed that the leaves are richer in compounds: 1,8-cineole, linalool, α-terpineol, linalyl acetate, α-selinene, The fruits were richer in compounds: 3-carene, p-cymene, δ-terpinene, α-terpineol, α-terpinyl acetate, geranyl acetate, β- caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide,

The quality of the compounds differ in the fruits and the leaves of cultured type which showed the richness of compounds: α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, linalool, α-terpineol, but two wild types (white, blue) are characterized by the richness in one compound 1,8-cineole , especially the leaves of the blue wild Myrtle type.