Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers Treatments on Growth and Productivity of Maize and Sorghum and Sunflower

Abstract

A field experiments were conducted during summer season of the growing seasons (2015, 2016, and 2017), at Abo-Jarash farm, Faculty of agriculture, Damascus university, to study the effect of integrated use of chemical and organic fertilizers on growth and productivity of three crops (maize, sorghum and sunflower), four fertilization treatments were applied (without fertilization as control, 100% of recommended dose of nitrogen fertilizers using urea, 100% of recommended dose of nitrogen fertilizers using compost manure, 50% of recommended dose of nitrogen fertilizers using urea + 50% using compost), the experiment was designed according to Randomized Complete Block using split plot arrangements, with three replications.

Statistical analysis results showed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) among the studied genotypes of field crops, fertilization treatments and their interaction. With respect to maize crop the hybrid Basel-2 recorded significantly the highest grain and biological yield (7. 45 and 12.80 ton. ha^-1 respectively) under integrated use of chemical and organic fertilizers. Whereas for sorghum crop the variety Izraa-14 recorded significantly the highest grain and biological yield (3.35 and 7.55 ton.  ha^-1 respectively) under integrated use of chemical and organic fertilizers, whereas for sunflower crop, the genotype Hysun33 recorded significantly the highest seed and biological yield (3.30 and 18.10 ton. ha^-1 respectively) under integrated use of chemical and organic fertilizers.

The study has recommended of applying the dose of nitrogen fertilizers through integration between urea fertilizer and compost manure to get higher grain and biological yield of the crops Maize, sorghum and sunflower.