Robot's civil liability - Original Analytical Study

Abstract

The civil liability is based on the obligation to compensate the harm that a person causes to others by his action or by the actions of the persons, machines or animals for which he is responsible, but if the provisions of civil liability are applicable to the natural or legal person in the best case; the most controversial question is, are these rulings applicable to robots? The matter which sparked a great legal controversy in the East and the West, due to the inadequacy of legislation to address this problem. With the increasing dependence of humanity on robots working with artificial intelligence technology, as robots have replaced the medical staff in the time of Corona, as well as workers in factories, soldiers in battle, judges and lawyers in the corridors of courts, which necessitates lawmen to research in the responsibility of this newcomer, who shared his duties with man, and even replaced him in performing them. Can he imagine the civil accountability of the robot with the legal implications? Are the existing rules in the various Arab countries sufficient to address this issue, or do they need to be restructured to burden this task? This study dealt with that in an analytical and original way, and came out with legal proposals centered around granting the robot the robotic personality for achieving the foundations of its civil accountability, in conjunction with the creation of an adequate insurance system to address the issue of compensation, and until then and the establishment of the rules of justice and so that the damage does not remain without reparation, the consequences of responsibility will fall on the shoulders of the natural or legal person responsible for the behavior of the robot, based on a set of traditional theories that have their advantages and disadvantages, All this based on recent comparative experiences, which are reflected in the European Civil Code of Robotics, the Korean Code of Robot Ethics, and the Ten Principles of Japanese Robotics Law.