The Aramaic emirate of Bet-Zammani and its political relationship with Neo- Assyrian empire (912-610 B.C.)

Abstract

The research deals with the Emirate of Bet-Zammani, the circumstances accompanying its establishment and its relationship with Assyria. The Aramaic emirate of Bet-Zammani was lost in the northern part of the Jazira region, where the Aramaeans were able to establish their political entity, taking advantage of the weakness of the Assyrian empire after the death of Tiglath-Pileser I (1112-1075 BC), where they took the city of Amed as their capital.

The Emirate of Bet-Zammani, with its distinguished geographical location on the trade routes, was an attractive factor for the Assyrian state, which sought to subjugate it to its authority. The most prominent ruler of it was Ammi Baali, who was subdued by the Assyrian king Tukulti-Ninurta II (891-884 BC) to his authority during his military campaign in 879 BC. He must pay allegiance and obedience and pay tribute to Assyria.

After that, my Ammi Baali continued his loyalty to the king of Assyria, Ashurnasirpal II (883-859 BC) until a rebellion took place in Bet-Zammani against Ammi Baali led by Bor Ramano, where Ashur Nasir Bal II intervened and appointed Ilanu of Beit Zamani as governor.

With the decline in the power of the rulers of Bet-Zammani, Bet-Zammani was annexed to Assyria at the end of the ninth century BC, where its rulers became governors appointed by the king of Assyria.