Evaluating The Role Of Smac/DIABLO in Clinical Response Activity to Applied Chemotherapy in Syrian Patients with Bladder Cancer

Abstract

Background: The fail of the balance between cellular loss and profelerative activity affect the improvement of cancer, that cause the escape of tumor cells from cellular apoptosis. Recently, researches studied the role of apoptotic proteins in determining tumor stage and response to the applied therapy in cancer patients. One of these proteins was Smac/DIABLO, which is a mitochondrial protein released from mitochondria to the cytosol during the activation of apoptosis and play main role by interaction with Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins leading to the inhibition of its activity. Recently, many research studies have supported a major role for this protein in cancer diagnosis and monitoring of treatment.

So, the aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of clinical response to chemotherapy and hormo therapy through evaluate the relation between Smac/DIABLO fold increase and the response.

Methods: Serum levels of Smac/DIABLO were measured in 21control cases, 30 patients with Bladder cancer, before treatment, after the first dose and after the third dose, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent  Assay ELISA.

Results:  We found that serum levels of Smac/DIABLO were significantly decreased in patients with prostate cancer and bladder cancer compared to the control group (p˂0.001). and also found a strong correlation between the fold increase in serum levels of Smac/DIABLO in bladder cancer patients and the final clinical response to chemotherapy.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest  that Smac/DIABLO is useful as predictive factor for chemotherapy resistance.