Design and implementation of an automatic control system to help people with special needs

Abstract

People with special needs are people who have physical or sensory disorders, which lead to physical disability or problems in the functioning of the circulatory, respiratory, muscular or nervous system, accompanied by hearing and vision impairment or paralysis in one of the extremities due to stiffness or injuries to the brain resulting in Difficulty in moving or performing an activity that prevents normal participation in life.

From this standpoint, the aim of our research was to help these people with special needs in performing work without the need for others, by designing and implementing a device that controls the driving of a mechanical mechanism to be moved by the control signal taken from the muscles and quoted by surface electrodes.

Our research depended on the design of a circuit to acquire  the EMG signal (Electromyography), the position of the electrodes on three different areas of the brachialis  muscle to show the signal of the muscle when it contracts, and this signal is entered into the controller to be filtered and amplified and turned into a pulsed signal in order to drive servo that opens the mechanical mechanism (door, pharmacy or others) so that it handles people with special needs to do the work without the need to help others.

As a conclusion , we developed an instrument which can  help the patient with special needs in an easier  way  , however the frequent  experiments which have been made on this instrument show very good results that is in addition to the high accuracy of it.