Contribution of Seismic Forward Modeling for Stratigraphic Interpretation of Sandy Reservoirs and Determine of the Conditions Appearance and Extension on the Seismic Sections in AL-MAZRAA and AL-AKISSIYAH Structures

Abstract

Sand reservoirs deposited locally because of sea level changes in AL-MAZRAA and AL-AKISSIYAH structures, with different systems tract and thicknesses with good porosity, which helped to contain hydrocarbons. These sand reservoirs disappeared on seismic sections in AL-AKISSIYAH-101 due to low vertical seismic resolution, which related to physical parameters of seismic waves while they appeared more clearly on sections in AL-MAZRAA-101. They spreads in a limited and scattered extension towards AL-SIRRA structure and well AL-MAHASH-101 that was proposed for deep exploration, and penetration the sand reservoirs in the east and north-east. Seismic Forward Modeling is a tool used to know and improve wave parameters, layers interpretation and their fluid content through generation synthetic seismogram that simulate the subsurface geological model based on the values of reflection coefficient series resulting from acoustic impedance model. The results of the implemented modeling operations showed how sand reservoirs appearance changed by changing wave parameters and determining the optimum ones that must be available to make these sand reservoirs appear on seismic section.