Effect of Foliar Spraying with Boron and Iron on Some Productive Indicators of Pistachio Tree Pistacia vera L. (Ashouri cultivar))

Abstract

The research was carried out in the years 2021-2022 on pistachio trees of the Ashouri variety (30years) planted in the village of Zaidel - Homs, in a private farm for a farmer, to evaluate the effect of foliar spraying with boron and iron elements and their mixture on some productive characteristics. Foliar spraying was carried out on four identical dates for each treatment, which are in the bud opening stage, the flowering peak stage, after fruit set stage, and the full leaf stage, using a knapsack pump until the point of complete wetness, According to a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications.

The results of the statistical analysis indicated that there was a clear variation in the trees' response to the used foliar spray treatments, Where the treatment of foliar spraying with boric acid (1g/l) was superior to the rest of the treatments in terms of the average percentage of fruit set and the similarity of its effect during the two seasons of the experiment, as the percentage of fruit set was 30.66% and 31%, respectively, and the lowest percentage of fruit set was in control trees, which is about 20% in both seasons. It is similar in that to the treatment of spraying with iron. As for productivity, the boron treatment was significantly superior to all treatments during the first season, reaching 29 kg / tree, which is the highest value during the two seasons of the experiment, and the lowest value was in the control treatment during the second season, reached 4.33 kg / tree, The highest value of yield was achieved when using the mixture in the first season, and it was about 26.33 kg/tree. The highest percentage of blankness was in the control trees and reached 6.6% in both seasons, and there were no significant differences between the remaining treatments for this indicator during the two seasons of the experiment. The highest average fruit weight was in the two treatments of spraying with boron and spraying with iron, and they were significantly superior to the remaining treatments, while this effect differed when analyzing the average of the two seasons together, the boron treatment and the mixture were significantly superior to the remaining treatments, whereas the weight of the fruit was 2.20g in the boron treatment, followed by the mixture treatment 2.16g and the lowest weight of the pill was in the control treatment and reached 1.96 g.