Chemical compositions and bioactive compounds in Apricot seeds of Alkalaby and Alhamoy and Fatty acids profile in the extracted oils

Abstract

This study was conducted in laboratories of agriculture college in Damascus university during 2018 to study chemical compositions and bioactive compounds in Apricot seeds of Alkalaby  and Alhamoy and Fatty acids profile in the extracted oils. Results reveals that there were no significant differences in the average percentage of moisture and ashes in Alkalaby and Alhamoy. Whereas the protein, fat , carbohydrate and fibers  percentages were  significant differences. Cyanide hydrogen was high in Alkalabi and very low in Alhamoy seeds. In addition, total polyphynols ,  antioxidant and minerals ( K and Fe) were higher in Alhamoy than  Alkalaby seeds. The physic-chemical of oil extracted were almost the same value for Alhamoy and Alkalaby seeds. The results of fatty acid profile by (GC) Gas chromatography showed that the Oleic acid (C18:1) 68.08% for Alkalaby and 71.16 for Alhamoy. Furthermore, Linoleic acid (C18:2) was 25.63% for Alkalaby and 21.71 % for Alhamoy with  Palmatic acid (C16:0) by  5.05% in Alhamoy. The total unsaturated fatty acids ratio to saturated fatty acid reached up to 17.67 in Alkalaby comparing it to 15.57 in Alhamoy. Therefore, Apricot seeds could be use for oil production to be used as edible oil in food processing and in industrial pharmacy.