The Second Siege of Vienna 1683

Abstract

In 1683, the Ottoman Sultan, Mehmed IV, and his Grand Vizier, Kara Mustafa Pasha, decided to invade Vienna and achieve what Suleiman the Magnificent could not achieve when the Ottoman Empire was at the top of its renown and glory in 1529.

Mustafa Pasha led a huge army to Vienna passing by Belgrade and Hungary to besiege Vienna on July 14, 1683. However, the Ottoman Army was not as powerful and organized as it had been during the rule of Suleiman the Magnificent. The Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation was also more powerful than the Ottoman one. In addition, Leopold I was able to form alliances with the Pope of Vatican, King of Poland John III Sobieski, and Princes of the Empire, which ensured military assistance in case the Ottomans attacked the territory of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. Thus, the Christian Liberation Army was capable of ending the siege of Vienna, the capital of the Empire, in the appropriate time on September12, 1683. As a result, the Ottoman Empire was defeated and could not bear the short-term and long-term consequences.

The analytical historical and scientific approach was followed when data was collected focusing on German references. The data was also handled through analysis and comparison.