دور القضاء في مواجهة بعض القضايا الاجتماعية في دمشق من خلال وثائق المحاكم الشرعية في القرنين الثامن عشر والتاسع عشر

Abstract

This research aims to give a real picture, as much as possible, of some aspects of the social situation in the city of Damascus during the Ottoman rule, and this picture depends mainly on judiciary documents that can be taken for their credibility because they were not written as a matter of historical documentation. The legitimacy in Damascus, which is found in the Documentation House, is a fertile source for accessing adequate information that enables us to rely on the historical research methodology to analyze what was stated in the documents used, in order to benefit from us in supporting the research requirements in terms of listing realistic examples that actually occurred in that period, as well as what achieves a thorough study of the reality The judiciary in terms of rulings and the extent of their justice, as well as the issues of dispute raised between the people of Damascus in terms of the dispute over agricultural land and the study of the relationship between land owners and farmers, where the research showed the suffering that the peasants lived in the countryside and the disputes that occurred with the agas regarding the issue of honor or the amount of what he gets  The farmer, and the poverty caused by the spread of looting, theft and various crimes.