Scientific and Intellectual Institutions in Medina During the reign of the Prophet and the Era of the Caliphs1-40AH / 622- 660AD. مجلة الدراسات التاريخية [Internet]. 2021 Aug. 3 [cited 2026 Jun. 18];141(2). Available from: https://journal.damascusuniversity.edu.sy/index.php/hisj/article/view/83