Anatomical symmetry of the shape and number of root canals of the upper first premolars in Syrian populations using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)

Abstract

Aim: Due to the fact that the morphology of the roots is very variable and complex, many descriptive laboratory studies have been conducted in order to better understand the internal anatomy of the root, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the symmetry number of roots and canal configuration of maxillary first premolar and their symmetry in the male and female sexes among Syrian population.

Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 250 CBCT images (144 images for females - 106 images for males).

The images were reviewed by two endodontists.

Details of gender, bilateral symmetry, root number and canal configuration in each root according to Vertucci classification were recorded by studying the image according to all levels (Axial Coronal_Sagittal_Oplique_3D) and the presence or absence of symmetry was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Then the chi-square test was used to compare the symmetry of the left and right teeth in males and females

Reselts:

The largest proportion of the top first plexus in the sample studied was the form of separate root (in males at 66.4%, females at 53.6% and in the entire sample by 59.2%).

The single root form was less widespread (in males 31.8%, females 45.7% and in the entire sample 39.6%)

Followed by the least widespread proportion of the three root shape (in males 1.8%, females 0.7% and in the entire sample 1.2%)

Symmetry ratios relative to the number of roots were higher and higher than symmetry ratios relative to the number and shape of channels within the roots without a statistically significant difference in both sexes (p<0.05)

Conclusions:

This study revealed that the most common classification in both sexes is the separate root with one channel in each (type I), followed by one root with two (type II) channels, followed by three roots with three channels each (type I). High symmetry ratios on both two sides, which benefits doctors practicing during pulp treatments.