The Effect of the Nutrient Medium Enhanced by Plant Growth Regulators on the Inducting and Growing of Callus from Digitalis Purpurea Leaves

Abstract

This research aims to know the effect of four types of essential nutrient mediums  supplemented with various concentrations of plant growth regulators for giving the highest induction rate and growth of callus in Digitalis Purpurea , andthe determination of the best combination of plant growth regulators, Seeds have been sterilized with sodium hypo-chloride solution with 5% concentration. Callus have been inducted from the leaves, internode and roots of Digitalis plants in nutrient medium(MS, LS, B5, 5C01),which is enhanced with different concentrations of auxins and cytokinins.

The results of the statistical analysis showed that the superiority of the leaves as an explant in stimulating the formation of callus. Also, the nutrient medium 5C01 has shown better results in terms of the number of days required for the stimulation beginning (5 days) compared with MS (9 days), LS (11 days) and B5 (17 days). 

Further, the 5C01 nutrient medium has shown superiority in terms of the average number of required days for producing callus compared with the other nutrient mediums  in a daily rate of (7,13,15,21) in the nutrient mediums(5C01, MS, LS, B5) respectively. The nutrient medium (5C01) also showed superiority in   callus formation ratio(95%)  compared to MS (85%), LS (75%) and B5(70%).

The studied nutrient mediums were screened and the best combination was selected from each of the essential nutrient mediums that were studied, and   the Callus cultures were regenerated on the same selected media for four successive transfers (sub-culture).

The results showed that  5C01 nutreint medium was superior in terms of growth index according to wet weight of biomass with significant differences compared to the other nutrient mediums, where it record 347 g compared to 329 g in MS , 263g in LS, 254g in B5.

The 5C01 nutrient medium also excelled in the morphological characteristics of the callus, it has a coherent texture with creamy yellowish color and a  grainy appearance.