Damascus University Journal of arts and humanities sciences
A scientific, refereed, periodical and specialized magazine This Journal is concerned with the following specialization: (Philosophy, Sociology, Geography, The Arabic language and its literature, The English language and its literature, French language and its literature, Germany language and its literature, Persian language and its literature, comparative literature, Journalism and libraries). The journal of arts and humanities obtained the international number ISSN: 1818-5010 ,ISSN: 2789-6552 (online)
Natural, human and political factors led to a big change in drainge of Quweiq River, and because hydrological stations is absent to measure the drainge of the river, and the difficulty of appreciation it that the headwaters of the river located in Turkey and the presence of several dams on the river bed (two of them in Turkey), Several station Climate data were used and data processed using (Excel 2013) and (Aqua crop). Potential Evapotranspiration values Calculated in Ivanov method for (Isas, Sad Shahba, Almuslemya, Maarat Alnumman, Aleppo, Kilis) and the results were respectively (1611.8, 1657.6, 1683, 1892.1, 1783.6, 1980.3) mm/year, also drainge river were calculated based empirical equations, (Dickens, Ryves, Inglis, Bird–McWarn, and Finkel), and the results were very variation, and the volume of annual runoff was calculated by Brickle equation 0.18 billion m3and Ground Water Recharge 1.9 billion m3, and the values of Snyder`s Model showed that there is no risk of flood of Quweiq River. Keyword: Aleppo, Quweiq River, Water Balance, Potential Evapotranspiration, Ground Water Recharge, Snyder`s Model.
Copyright (c) 2017 Damascus University Journal of arts and humanities sciences
Youth attitudes towards the use of virtual assistants and its relationship to self-confidence: A field study
This study aimed to identify young people's attitudes toward using virtual assistants and their relationship to self-confidence, as well as to determine the impact of variables such as gender, age, educational level, and duration of use on these attitudes. To achieve this objective, the study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing a social survey method with a sample. An electronic questionnaire, developed by the researcher, was used to measure attitudes toward using virtual assistants and self-confidence. The study sample consisted of 589 young people. The results showed that young people's attitudes toward using virtual assistants ranged from moderate to high across its three dimensions: cognitive, affective, and behavioral. The results also revealed a strong and statistically significant negative correlation between attitudes toward using virtual assistants and self-confidence, indicating that increased reliance on these technologies may reduce an individual's sense of competence and self-efficacy, and vice versa. Regarding the sample variables, the results did not show statistically significant differences based on gender or educational level. However, significant differences emerged based on age and duration of use, with attitudes being more positive among the 23-26 age group, particularly with moderate use of virtual assistants (one to three hours daily). At the end of the study, a set of recommendations was presented. The study emphasized the need to guide young people toward the conscious use of digital technologies, to integrate virtual assistants as supportive tools rather than replacements for their own abilities, and to conduct future research to broaden the understanding of the relationship between technology and the psychological and behavioral characteristics of young people.
Copyright (c) 2026 Damascus University Journal of arts and humanities sciences
Interpretation and the position of Islamic Movements on Interpretation
This research revolves around explaining the conceptual, textual and historical importance of interpretation, and presenting a new classification of Muslims and Islamic thinkers. Accordingly, the research consists of two main sections, the first of which is devoted to reviewing the concept of interpretation linguistically and terminologically, then presenting the position and importance of interpretation in the Qur’anic and Prophetic textual sources, then among some of the Prophet’s companions and followers, leading to the historical importance of interpretation. The second topic revolves around the interpretive currents in Islamic thought, as we found that they are divided into two currents: a textual current, and an interpretive current. We have divided the textual current into two directions: a definitive textualist that rejects interpretation in a definitive manner, and an interpretive textualist that acknowledges interpretation but limits it to clarification and interpretation. As for the interpretive current, it is also divided into two directions: a rational interpretive, which acknowledges interpretation and evaluates it on conditions, the most important of which are: language and reason, and a mystical textual, which evaluates interpretation on the basis of gnosis or mysticism. The research has concluded with a set of results, the most important of which are: 1. There is a textual and historical preference for interpretation over interpretation. 2. The definitive textual trend stands in contrast to the mystical hermeneutic trend.
Reading in the problem of definition and emergence of theology
The research here revolves around the problem of defining the science of speech and its origins, there is no consensus on the definition of this science, nor about the factors that contribute to its emergence, in terms of definition, there are those who see as a mental controversy or mental argument in the absence of the defense of religion, and there are those who see that it is confined to the support of a religious doctrine without other sects, and finally there are those who see that it is a purely mental controversy, that is, a kind of philosophy, In particular, Islamic beliefs. Hence there is no consensus on the definition of this science or about its goals and objectives, as there is a need to address this problem. Likewise, with regard to the religious and historical importance of theology, and the factors of its emergence, where we see contradictory sayings about the importance of this science in acceptance or rejection, as well as the matter regarding the factors of origin, some see that they are internal, and some see that it is an external external, and we have our word in this regard, where we divided these factors directly and indirect Directly, we made it basic factors: the political factor, and the cultural mixture. In summary, this study is a new reading of an old problematic problem. The most important characteristic of this study is to provide a special vision, as the study ended that the science of speech is a form of philosophy for Islamic beliefs, although it does not stop at it. We have seen that all the factors that were mentioned have contributed to the boys of this science. And if we gave indirect factors more important than others in this birth.
The effect of internal music on the meanings of Fath Allah ibn al-Nahhas's poetry
There are many elements of beauty in poetic texts, perhaps the most important of which is musical composition. The rhythmic spark is considered one of the creative components of poetic discourse, and it also reflects the poet's poetic knowledge and his ability to harness music to serve his meanings. This research is a serious attempt to study the internal music in the poetry of Fathallah Ibn al-Nahhas al-Halabi, by shedding light on examples of his poetry that demonstrate his ability to employ rhythm to serve his meanings with all skill and smoothness. The study was divided into two parts: In the first part, the elements of internal music in his poetry were studied, the most prominent of which were: alliteration, repetition, negative antithesis, and assonance. As for the second part, the research attempted to demonstrate the effect of internal music on Ibn al-Nahhas’s meanings, through an applied study of one of his poems on the subject of love. - This study demonstrated the value of musical poetic discourse, with its semantic connotations. The poet succeeded in choosing his words and vocal rhythms in a way that was consistent with his meanings, his psychological state, and the hidden meanings in his mind that do not appear upon first reading except after careful scrutiny and examination. To achieve this, the descriptive analytical approach was followed, which investigates the evidence of the phenomenon and analyzes it to arrive at the desired results.
(Heart) and Its Connotations In The Poems of AL-Abbas Ibn AL-Ahnaf
expressing their feelings and emotions. However, "heart" did not get the sufficient care as it did in the poems of (Al-Abbas Ibn Al-Ahnaf). This is the very problem of this paper; the concept which has (Heart) was part of the poetic Pre-Islamic, Omayyad, and Abbasid heritage. It Was poets' way of never been studied before despite its importance. The researcher highlighted the various connotations of the term (heart) and its substitutes in the poems of Ibn Al-Ahnaf, then he mentioned the most remarkable ways used in the poetry of Al-Abbas which stress the very term and all that relates to it. He proceeds to demonstrate the most significant literary functions in those poems and concluded the following: The love-resultant pain and suffering expressed by Al-Abbas' expression is covert and hides deeper thoughts he tries to communicate;i.e, strength and weakness; namely, the power of the beloved who enjoys a social rank, control and supremacy, in addition to the weakness of the poor poet who finds himself in a critical situation. His love to this Abbasid princess, whose name cannot be announced, is unmatchable and incomparable. The various tangible meanings of the term (heart) clearly appear in the poetry of Al-Abbas as well as the intangible meanings of love, affection, fondness and passion. This represents the heart relation to materialistic effects, such as sores and tears. It also relates to personification of the heart and imparting human or animal qualities to it. Pain has deeply affected our poet that he considers his heart an enemy, or complains about it or even laments it in other poems. This fluctuation of feelings can only mean that Al-Abbas refuses his bitter reality, and is a provocation of the reader who finds themselves obliged to sympathize with the poet to build a world of social justice, equality; promote positive aesthetic values of love, truthfulness, and reject negative values, such as treachery, snobbishness, and apathy towads other people's feelings.
News Framing for the 2024 US Presidential Elections in Private Arab Newspapers Analytical Study
The study aimed to reveal the types of news materials used to cover the American presidential elections in 2024 in private Arab newspapers represented by the Syrian and Egyptian newspaper, the Egyptian today, and the most prominent trends, sources of their information and the illustrative means used. The study relied on the survey curriculum and the content analysis tool through the comprehensive limitation method of news materials that dealt with the elections from 5-8-2024 to 5-11-2024 The study concluded that the journalistic report genre was dominant in Al-Watan newspaper compared to the journalistic news genre in Al-Masry Al- Youm. The conflict frame was dominant in the study sample, accounting for 63.3% of the total in Al-Watan newspaper and 57.1% in Al-Masry Al-Youm newspaper, with both newspapers agreeing on a neutral approach in news coverage. Al-Watan's interest in using illustrative media declined, with the "none" option ranking first at 56.7%, while the personal photos of the candidates (Trump and Harris) dominated Al-Masry Al-Youm at 67.9%. The study recommended diversifying news arts in news coverage of the US presidential elections, paying attention to various types of news frames and not limiting them to the conflict frame. It also emphasized the importance of prioritizing own sources in coverage. .
Traduire le vocabulaire informatique: stratégies pour le français et l’arabe
Cette étude examine les stratégies de traduction du vocabulaire technique informatique en français et l’arabe. Dans un premier temps, elle met en évidence l’importance du lien entre linguistique et traductologie, en particulier dans le contexte des américanismes qui imprègnent le discours informatique contemporain. L’étude propose une approche graduelle allant de la théorie à la pratique. Elle commence par distinguer la traduction technique de la traduction générale, en soulignant les exigences terminologiques propres à chacune. Elle s’attarde ensuite sur les spécificités du vocabulaire informatique ‒ marqué par des emprunts, des néologismes et des concepts culturellement situés ‒ avant d’analyser trois niveaux stratégiques d’intervention: la stratégie phrastique (centrée sur la phrase), la stratégie textuelle (axée sur l’unité du texte) et la stratégie discursive (inscrite dans le contexte global de communication). Face aux difficultés que pose la transposition des américanismes, l’étude adopte une démarche pragmatique, allant de la problématique à la solution. Cela inclut une recherche documentaire approfondie ainsi qu’une ouverture à diverses perspectives théoriques et culturelles, favorisant une traduction à la fois rigoureuse et contextualisée. Enfin, l’étude insiste sur le rôle du traducteur en tant que médiateur linguistique et culturel, dont les choix terminologiques doivent tenir compte des attentes du récepteur, qu’il soit initié ou non aux enjeux informatiques. Ce travail contribue à enrichir la réflexion traductologique par une méthodologie appliquée, combinant précision technique, adaptation discursive et conscience communicative.
The migration of Arab talent and the requirements for their return to their homelands
The migration of Arab talents to European countries constitutes one of the sources of depletion of qualified Arab capabilities, and its repercussions quickly appear at the level of the Arab countries themselves in further manifestations of weakness and backwardness, and at the level of developed countries through the contribution of these talents to improving the conditions of social life there. The study aims to analyze the social factors that constantly lead to further depletion, the effects of which extend to the structure of Arab society as a whole. The study relied on direct and standardized interaction with a group of Arab expertise and talents settled in European countries, for long periods, to identify through them the factors that push Arab talents to immigrate to European countries and settle there, in addition to identifying the perceptions of these talents of issues related to the possibility of their return to their homeland. The study was divided into four main axes, including the methodological framework of the study in terms of defining the problem, its importance, and the main questions within it, and then the theoretical framework that shows the dangers resulting from the migration of Arab talents to European countries and its economic, social, and even political repercussions. The fourth axis also monitors a group of previous studies that gave the subject their main attention, and they were divided into local studies Arabic and foreign languages. The fourth axis includes the field study and the basic results it reached. The study concluded with a set of practical suggestions that could contribute to the return of national competencies to their countries of origin.
Evaluating the ability of the Al-Dmer and Hella Dams to reduce flood risks in the Al-Dmer Basin A hydro-geometric study
The Dmer Dam was built to store 2.15 million cubic meters of water and to mitigate flood risks. Its location was chosen at the confluence of several flood-prone valleys. The Dmer watershed is divided into two sub-basins: an eastern one, which collects water from the Gharab, Abu Qais, and Zubeidah mountains; and a western one, which collects water from the Rinkous and Saydnaya mountains. A smaller, earthen dam was also built approximately 2 km south of the town of Hella, with a storage capacity of about 0.5 million cubic meters. However, in 2018, the Dmer Dam reservoir failed to contain the floodwaters, which rose above its northern embankment, causing extensive damage to the cities of Dmer and Adra Industrial City. The western sub-basin is characterized by higher elevations and gentler slopes than the eastern sub-basin. The SPEI index indicated a predominantly arid climate in areas below 1000 meters above sea level, while positive values ​​indicated a surplus of moisture in the mountainous areas. The western sub-basin had a greater water inflow than the eastern one, suggesting greater water resource stability. The average runoff volumes and peak flow rates were calculated for both sub-basins, with the western sub-basin having higher values. The amount of water received by the Dmer and Hella dams was estimated, and the results were significantly higher than their storage capacities. Regarding morphometric indicators, the application of morphometric homogeneity equations and stream density calculations did not reveal a significant advantage for either sub-basin, as the values ​​were relatively similar. The site of the Hella Dam offers better geomorphological conditions than the Dmer Dam, in terms of the height of the rock formations, the inclination of the rock layers, and the depth. While the Dmer Dam site provided a wider area for its reservoir, the weak nature of its sides, composed of alluvial deposits, and the gradual silting up of its bottom due to continuous sedimentation
Digital Documentation of Archaeological Heritage Using Photogrammetry- An applied study on selected archaeological artifacts in Al-Azm palace, Damascus
Documenting tangible cultural heritage is one of the most significant challenges facing societies, especially in the face of conflict and natural disasters. Archaeological heritage is an essential part of cultural identity, Recording and documenting artifacts using remote sensing is of great importance to preserve it from damage and extinction. Al Azm Palace in Damascus represents one of the most prominent Ottoman architectural landmarks in Syria that goes back to 1749. It contains a collection of heritage and archaeological pieces that reflect traditional Damascene life. Hence, the importance of using modern digital techniques such as photogrammetry to document these artifacts and digitally preserve them for future generations. This research aimed to document a collection of artifacts and heritage items on display at Al-Azm Palace using photogrammetry, a modern digital tool that enables the creation of high-resolution three-dimensional models. Four diverse pieces from the palace's collection were selected and photographed using a DJI Mavic Air 2 drone, which carries a 1/2" CMOS sensor and 48MP image capture, in addition to a Realme 8 mobile phone quad camera with a resolution of 64-2-8MP. Photogrammetry provided an effective solution for reconstructing 3D models with high accuracy using digital images to create an accurate digital archive. The research showed that the resulting models achieved high geometric accuracy, The similarity rate in geometric proportions reached 98%. reflecting the efficiency of the adopted photogrammetric methodology. The generated models were able to highlight fine details, such as inscriptions and minor deteriorations. Furthermore, DSM models of these artifacts were linked to a GIS, and a dedicated metadata was created for them.
Inspiration from Quranic stories in Ayyubid poetry The story of Joseph, peace be upon him, as a model
the research examines the inspriation of quranic stories in Ayyubid poetry, using the story of joseph. as a This research deals with the study of the inspiration of poets in the Ayyubid era from the Qur’anic stories, and studying the story of Joseph (peace be upon him) was an example of that inspiration.. The research began by clarifying the concept of inspiration, which is the conscious use of heritage. It then demonstrated the importance of poets' inspiration from Qur'anic stories, as it strengthens the meanings of their poems in their various purposes, such as praise and love poetry, and highlights their knowledge and connection to heritage. The research demonstrated the importance of drawing inspiration from the story of Joseph, peace be upon him, as it expresses a human experience that is repeated at every age in human societies where events and relationships between people are similar. The research relied on artistic means to analyze poetic examples, namely traditional symbolism, thematic equivalents, and dramatic structure. At the end of the study, the research reached results, including: that the Qur’anic stories were a source of inspiration for the poets of the Ayyubid era, especially the story of Joseph, peace be upon him, and that the employment of some of them of this story in their poetry was traditional and in accordance with its connotations, while some poets took the approach of transferring the original meaning to a new meaning, as in the purpose of love poetry, and that the poets’ inspiration was not without skill and creativity, and it was not without monotony at times. The research adopted the descriptive approach and the analytical method to undertake this study. model.
The Dialectical Relationship between Philosophy and Artificial Intelligence
This research examines the dialectical relationship between philosophy and artificial intelligence, with the aim of determining the extent to which each influences the other. It raises questions about the nature of artificial intelligence, its capabilities, and its limitations, and whether it is capable of simulating the human mind and consciousness. It also reviews the contributions of some philosophers and logicians, which formed the basis from which artificial intelligence scientists developed and improved this science. It also addresses the dialectical relationship between the artificial and human mind, through an analysis of the views of prominent thinkers and philosophers. The study adopts an analytical, historical, and critical approach, attempting to trace the philosophical concepts that have been used as an introduction to understanding artificial intelligence, while highlighting the ethical and epistemological issues associated with it.
The Rhetoric of Abstracthon in the Prophetic Hadith
is one of the expressive means and rhetorical devices used by the Arabs to enhance their speech, aiming to expand speech and exaggerate expression. Rhetoricians have devoted 1 considerable attention to it, devoting a chapter to the discipline of rhetoric. They defined it, subdivided its types, and sought examples of it in Arabic poetry. Examples of abstraction are found in numerous instances in the Prophetic hadith, demonstrating its contribution to communication and instruction in the prophetic discourse. Therefore, this research examined its occurrences, examining its arts and styles. It became clear that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used one of its two types, pure abstraction, as opposed to impure abstraction, which is inconsistent with the essence of prophetic discourse. The research demonstrated its uses in the Prophetic hadith and its purposes, which included achieving the goal of communication and clarifying rulings on the one hand, and the goal of clarification and influence on the other hand.
The Structural Analogy Between Text and Body: A Study in the Ontology of Writing in Roland Barthes
Barthes juxtaposed the structure of the world as it exists with the epistemological structure of language. This juxtaposition is not a mere rhetorical imposition but is driven by a clear methodological vision that claims deconstructing language leads to deconstructing the very structure of the world. Thus, semiotics, in this sense, is merely the study of how language shapes the world. Similarly, he drew an analogy between the text and the body in terms of determinacy and uniqueness. The body, as an ontological concept, first signifies that a thing does not exist—nor can it be described as such—until it is embodied. Second, it is a historical process that is never entirely detached from its temporal context and spatial conditions. Consequently, the body is a cultural entity, a symbolic and historical construct with its own sites of desire and longing. It is also a code that encapsulates vast ancestral genetic lineages—and so is the text. This analogy is not merely a metaphor but an analytical model capable of uncovering the hidden dynamics of cultural discourse. This opens new horizons for understanding various texts as existential acts before they are aesthetic artistic phenomena. In this research, we will attempt to provide a deconstructive reading of this semiotic claim, aiming to reach findings that may contribute to a deeper understanding of our contemporary world.
Le rôle de la traduction comme médiateur culturel dans la renommée mondiale des romans soumis à la censure dans leur pays d’origine
La traduction ne se limite pas à un simple transfert linguistique; elle joue un rôle central dans la diffusion et la réévaluation des œuvres censurées, leur permettant de dépasser les barrières culturelles et politiques pour atteindre une reconnaissance internationale. En tant que médiateur culturel, elle influence directement la perception des textes dans leur nouveau contexte linguistique et idéologique. De nombreux romans ont été interdits pour des raisons politiques, religieuses ou sociales, mais ont gagné en notoriété à l’étranger grâce à leur traduction. Parmi eux, Les Fils de la Médina de Naguib Mahfouz, censuré en Égypte pour son traitement des thèmes religieux, ou encore La Ferme des Animaux de George Orwell, dont l’adaptation à divers contextes politiques a influencé sa réception. L’article explore la relation entre traduction et renommée littéraire, notamment dans le cadre de la littérature comparée, qui examine la manière dont les œuvres traduites évoluent lorsqu’elles sont confrontées à d’autres traditions littéraires. S’appuyant sur les théories d’André Lefebvre et Antoine Berman, cette étude montre comment la traduction peut parfois altérer ou renforcer le message original en fonction des dynamiques culturelles et politiques. En somme, cette recherche analyse les stratégies traductologiques mises en œuvre pour adapter les textes censurés et leur impact sur la réception publique et académique à l’échelle internationale.
Evaluation of the Urban Masterplan in Al-Botihah Town (Wafideen Camp)(A Geo-Informational Study)
The research analyzed various landuses (residential, service, vacant lands...) for 2024, and analyzed the approved masterplan for Al-Buteiha town (ratified in 2006), comparing it with existing conditions using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing technologies, and quantitative change detection. Additionally, it analyzed causes and impacts of changes, then presenting results through graphical figures and maps. The research utilized a 2024 satellite image (61 cm spatial resolution), and conducting visual interpretation to digitize landuse layers according to an adopted classification system, and extracting numerical data for each landuse class. Masterplan evaluation was performed through spatial intersection operations between the masterplan layer and the 2024 satellite image. The evaluation aimed to: 1. Estimate occupancy rates within the masterplan 2. Assess compliance with regulatory specifications based on existing conditions using three classifications: Implemented, non-implemented, and violating regulatory specifications. The methodology combined analytical-descriptive, historical and modern technologies (GIS and remote sensing) methods, and field surveys to determine the current masterplan's compatibility with actual landuses. Results revealed a significant discrepancy between the approved masterplan and existing conditions, with residential use predominating over most land areas instead of public service facilities and green areas, alongside inadequate infrastructure. The study recommends revising the masterplan to align with current population density and ensure balanced landuse distribution, while allocating sufficient area for services and recreational activities to guarantee sustainable development and improved living standards in the town.
Characteristics of Olive Cultivation in Syria during the period (2000-2021)(A Study in Agricultural Geography)
This study aims to analyze the dynamic of fruitful olive trees production, in the country during two time periods the first (2000-2010) and the second (2011-2021), and determine trends lines for production, area, and productivity by two ways ( semi-averages method and mathematical method), in addition to examine the statistical significance of these trend lines. In addition to determine the level of spatial concentration and specialization for each governorate of the country during study period. in every governorate in Syria to show impact the spatial diversities. The study showed that the trends lines for production, area in the country is an increasing, also that there is a specialization in olive production in the governorates of ( Idleb, Aleppo, Tartous, and Lattakia).
L’élixir du bonheur dans le voyage initiatiquedans le roman Zadig de Voltaire
Pour définir la notion de "bonheur", nous estimons qu’il est nécessaire de nous référer à de nombreux exemples littéraires et, en particulier, au roman Zadig ou la destinée de Voltaire, étant donné la relation de contingence entre le voyage et la recherche du bonheur. En effet, la quête du bonheur peut constituer une question complexe dans la vie du héros-voyageur. Son désir tenace d'atteindre le bonheur s'oppose souvent à ses principes et à sa vertu pendant son voyage. Voltaire croit que l’homme doit utiliser sa raison et se contenter d'un minimum de bonheur, sans aspirer à l’impossible. Selon lui, le bonheur n'est pas un état de satisfaction absolue, mais une quête perpétuelle où chaque épreuve apporte une nouvelle leçon de vie. La sagesse acquise par Zadig au cours de son voyage initiatique lui permet de comprendre que le bonheur ne réside pas dans les possessions matérielles ou les honneurs, mais dans la paix de l'esprit, la soumission à la providence et la compassion envers les autres. Zadig devient un symbole de la persévérance et de la vertu, montrant que la véritable satisfaction vient de l'accomplissement de soi et de l'équilibre entre les désirs personnels et les exigences morales. Enfin, on trouve que l’élixir du bonheur dans Zadig de Voltaire est une exploration profonde des valeurs humaines et des leçons de vie. Il nous enseigne que le bonheur est un chemin parsemé d'embûches, mais qu'il est accessible à ceux qui savent utiliser leur raison, accepter la providence et cultiver la sagesse intérieure.
Digital Transformation in the Educational Process for University Students Case Study: Sociology Department Students at Lattakia University
The aim of the research was to study the digital transformation in the educational process. To achieve this goal, the descriptive analytical approach was used, the social survey method by sample, using a scale prepared by the researcher, and distributed to a sample of students of the Department of Sociology at the University of Lattakia, which was drawn by a simple random method (lottery) The size of this sample was 290 male and female students. After collecting and transcribing the data using the SPSS program and using appropriate statistical methods, a set of results was reached, the most important of which was that the level of university use of digital tools in the Department of Sociology at the University of Lattakia falls within the "average" range and that it is still confined to some limited frameworks, and does not reflect a real shift towards comprehensive digitization of educational and administrative functions within the department. As for students' reliance on digital tools, it was high, especially in terms of obtaining information, using them to complete projects and research, and obtaining scientific references. The results also showed the existence of many challenges facing university students in this area, the most important of which were weak internet networks, difficulty in regularly accessing educational content electronically, and weak infrastructure equipment in universities. As for the differences between students' reliance on digital tools in the educational process, the results did not show any differences with regard to gender and place of residence, but rather showed the existence of differences only with regard to the year of study in favor of the higher years. At the end of the research, a set of scientific proposals were presented that may contribute to raising the level of universities' reliance on rapid technological developments, incorporating them into the educational process, and exploiting them to raise the level of universities as much as possible and keep pace with global development.
Trends Of Media Professionals In Syrian Media Institutions Towards Adopting And Using Artificial Intelligence Applications.
The study aimed to identify the trends of Syrian media professionals in Syrian media institutions towards adopting and using artificial intelligence technologies and applications. To achieve this, the researcher used the descriptive-survey method and a questionnaire consisting of standard declarative questions and phrases that were applied to a sample of (80) media professionals who were drawn using the available sample method. The results of the study showed that only 27.5% of the respondents use artificial intelligence applications by relying on a very limited number of them, and that the trends of media professionals towards adopting and using artificial intelligence applications are positive at a rate of 67.7%. The most important obstacles and reasons for not using artificial intelligence applications by Syrian media professionals are subjective reasons and obstacles related to the media professionals, such as their lack of skills to use modern technologies at a rate of 100%, and the lack of desire of most Syrian media professionals to use them at a rate of 84.4%, and objective reasons and obstacles related to media institutions, such as: the high financial cost of using artificial intelligence applications at a rate of 96.5%, and then the lack of encouragement by the management of media institutions for Syrian media professionals to use artificial intelligence applications at a rate of 79.3%. The study revealed no statistically significant differences between the average scores of Syrian media professionals regarding their trends toward adopting and using AI applications in Syrian media institutions based on demographic factors (gender, educational attainment, and years of experience). 70 % of respondents also had a positive view of the future adoption and use of AI technologies. Among the study's recommendations are that Syrian media institutions embrace a culture of AI, particularly by leveraging academic research, encouraging decision-makers to adopt and use AI technologies in the media, and working to eradicate digital media illiteracy among Syrian media professionals through specialized training.
The Utilization of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology in Teaching Arabic to Non-Native Speakers from the Perspective of Their Teachers.
The significance of the present study lies in introducing the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and its uses in foreign language education, with a particular focus on teaching Arabic to non-native speakers. The study aims to examine the impact of employing AI and information technology in language instruction by analyzing the e-learning environment in order to clarify the characteristics, functions, and roles of the instructional process components within that environment from the teachers’ perspective. The study adopted the descriptive-analytical methodology and reached several findings. The results showed that the integration of AI and information technology in teaching Arabic to non-native speakers enjoys wide acceptance and has a tangible impact, as perceived by teachers, due to its role in enhancing the quality of education and improving the performance of educational institutions. Moreover, teachers identified a number of notable challenges and obstacles that hinder the effective implementation of AI in teaching Arabic to non-native speakers—challenges that require systematic and methodical solutions. Additionally, the study found no statistically significant differences in the respondents’ answers based on gender, years of teaching experience, or academic qualification.
the essence of the wounded cogito in interpretation according to Paul Ricoeur
Rational philosophy, which is classified under the name First Philosophy, is the space that provided us with human understanding of positive implications, especially since the “ego” is the mirror that presents itself as thought, where thought presents manifestations of a personal nature to form the essence of this “ego” and is the best guide. Thus, the Cogito struggles for the independence of the self from any concept of a phenomenal nature. In this research, we will attempt to present the essence of (the I think) within the work of interpretation according to (Paul Ricoeur) and to clarify the importance of (the cogito) within hermeneutics, especially since (Ricoeur) allowed us the rational philosophy of interpretation and presented it as a pure project within the trilogy of intellectual symbols in establishing intermediate interpretation first. Secondly, bypassing the process of matching the subject and the object, and reducing the idea of ​​accusation and direct claims towards the subject’s action. Therefore, we are carrying out this research to show the wounded cogito that will be subject to interpretation in identifying special mechanisms for thinking, and presenting it as one of these mechanisms. From here, Ricoeur builds the project of destroying the problem of the self as consciousness, in addition to devoting the “ego” as a primary source in interpreting the reality of contemplation, and the possibility of clarifying transparency. Clarity and distance from the ambiguity that falls under the category of symbols. So the cogito presented by Ricoeur is subjective possibilities in private thinking, and it is an inference about the existence of the conscious self, but on the other hand, it is an existential intuition based on defining identity and getting out of the sin that haunts the memory of the liberated person.
The aesthetics of the title in the collection (Tigers on the Tenth Day) by Zakaria Tamer
Studies of textual thresholds have recently gained increasing attention, particularly the title, as a textual structure that interweaves with other textual structures in a dialectical relationship aimed at achieving communication between the creator and the recipient through its various functions, particularly aesthetic ones. The title is a linguistic structure that, in its condensed form, possesses expressive potential that opens up to the text, interacting with it at various levels, contributing to the production of its meanings and connotations in each new reading. Zakaria Tamer is a unique short story writer with a unique narrative text that has become, in his poetics, a poem that encourages exploratory reading, in which the title becomes a procedural key to unlocking the mysteries of the text and exploring its semantic and symbolic depths. The collection “Tigers on the Tenth Day” constitutes the centerpiece of Zakaria Tamer’s creative narratives; therefore, it was chosen as the subject of the study. In order to approach the titles in their structure and their relationships with their texts and with other texts outside their texts, the research adopted the semiotic approach in description and analysis, and arrived at a set of results, the most prominent of which are: Zakaria Tamer bases his titles on a clear intention, but he always succeeds in obfuscating and concealing his intention, so that the reader enters into the adventure of interpretation and the search for meaning, which gives his titles a unique aesthetic. The choice of “Tigers on the Tenth Day” as the title of the collection “confirms the importance of the story as a title and a text in comparison to other stories with their titles and texts on the one hand, and the short story writer’s skill in creating a title that achieves the dialectic of extension in his text and the recoil from it on the other hand.”
Problématique dérivationnelle de l’intégration de la terminologie informatique anglo-américaine dans l’arabe
L’arabisation des termes informatiques nous a conduit à étudier l’origine de ces termes, ce qui nous a fait distinguer la langue exportatrice de la terminologie informatique. Il s’agit de l’anglo-américain. En fait, cette langue semble être une source majeure d’emprunts linguistiques liés à l’informatique. La recherche présente met en évidence non seulement le phénomène de l’intégration de la terminologie informatique anglo-américaine dans la langue arabe, mais aussi la dérivation arabisante et ses règles auxquelles soumet cette intégration. Cette étude analyse les divers types de dérivation arabisante, en tenant compte de son histoire et de son évolution. Nous nous penchons également sur la problématique dérivationnelle soulevée par l’intégration de la terminologie informatique anglo-américaine dans la langue arabe. À propos, nous jetons un coup d’œil sur le rôle que jouent certaines Académies de langue arabe dans l’élaboration et la diffusion de la terminologie technique en arabe. En plus, nous élaborons des principes de dérivation basés sur les termes informatiques déjà adoptés et couramment utilisés en arabe, tout en suggérant des approches globales pour résoudre d’éventuelles difficultés liées à la dérivation. Concernant la problématique de la dérivation soulevée par l’intégration de la terminologie informatique anglo-américaine dans la langue arabe, nous avons observé que l’adoption de la dérivation arabisante offre des opportunités inédites pour l’arabisation des termes informatiques étrangers. En effet, ce processus de dérivation facilite la création de nouveaux mots et significations en s’appuyant sur le corps de la langue arabe elle-même. Nous avons également constaté que celle-ci est en mesure de générer des mots à partir de leur forme arabisée, bénéficiant ainsi de procédés dérivationnels efficaces grâce à la souplesse de son système morphologique et à la capacité de son vocabulaire à s’élargir morphologiquement.
The role of academic flexibility as Mediating variable between academic passion and research self-efficacy among a sample of postgraduate students at Damascus University
The research aimed to identify the role of academic flexibility as mediating variable between academic passion and research self-efficacy among a sample of postgraduate students at Damascus University, and to reveal the significance of the differences between the scores of the research sample members' answers on the academic flexibility scale, the academic passion scale, and the research self-efficacy scale according to the variable: (academic stage). The research adopted the descriptive approach. The researcher applied the academic flexibility scale for students prepared by (Cassidy, 2016), which includes (30) items; the academic passion scale prepared by Peixoto et al. (Peixoto, et al, 2019), which consists of (20) items; and the research self-efficacy scale prepared by the researcher and consists of (50) items. The research sample consisted of (478) male and female students from postgraduate students at Damascus University. Research results: There is a positive statistically significant correlation between the answers of the research sample members on the academic flexibility scale as an mediating variable and between academic passion and research self-efficacy among a sample of postgraduate students at Damascus University. There are statistically significant differences between the average scores of the research sample members on the academic flexibility scale, the academic passion scale, and the research self-efficacy scale attributed to the variable of the academic stage in favor of doctoral students. Research summary: Academic flexibility contributes as mediating variable between academic passion and research self-efficacy among a sample of postgraduate students at Damascus University.
Manifestations of tragedy in elegy of loved ones of Al-Mutanabbi
Tragedy, as an aesthetic value, is based on the opposition between will and inevitability in the midst of a tragic hero's struggle against an inescapable and irreversible force. While we feel awe in the face of this overwhelming force, whose magnitude exceeds our ability to comprehend it, we also feel respect for the hero who confronts it and pity for his inevitable fate, which in one way represents a defeat for life. In elegies, this overwhelming force is often represented by death, and if conflict is the essence of tragedy. The tragic specificity of Al-Mutanabbi’s elegies stems from the nature of this conflict, which is clearly evident in Al-Mutanabbi’s position on death and its adoption of various forms in those elegies. By examining the elegiac poems in Abu Tayeb’s collection, which express his emotional experiences regarding the death of loved ones and in which the value of tragedy is evident, we are drawn to three characters who wrote poems that are considered among the finest examples of elegiac poetry: his poem in mourning for his grandmother, his poem in mourning for Khawla, the sister of Sayf al-Dawla, and his poems in mourning for Abu Shuja’ Fatik. The study adopted a descriptive and analytical approach to the texts of the study, in light of the concepts of aesthetics. It reached a number of conclusions, the most prominent of which are: The death of loved ones is manifested in Al-Mutanabbi's elegies as a chapter in the ongoing conflict between Al-Mutanabbi and time. The aesthetic values ​​of the sublime, the delicate, the heroic, and the sublime intertwine in the manifestation of the tragic in Al-Mutanabbi's elegies and the deepening of its emotional impression in the recipient's soul.
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l-Rajz in the Diwan of Ibn Nubatah Al-Masry (d: 768)
Ibn Nubtah Al-Misri is considered one of the most important writers of the eighth century AH; as he left us a rich literary legacy - in poetry and prose - in several works that enrich the taste of the recipient, and open horizons for researchers to delve into studying his literature and contemplating it with true contemplation. Between the pages of this research, the Rajz in his collection was studied in order to reveal the extent of the poet's ability to move it from the fields of verbal strangeness and linguistic complexity to the levels of ease and clarity of meaning, and thus transcend the familiar and prevailing. This research deals with the concept of Rajz and the stages of its development throughout the ages, up to the Mamluk era. It then presented a descriptive study of the Rajz themes in Ibn Nubatah’s collection of poems, including its pieces and arajiz. It then concluded with a statistical prosodic study that demonstrated the poet’s literary ability to absorb the versatility and flexibility of the Rajz meter, and his exploitation of these capabilities in employing his psychological and social state.
Difficulties in establishing social relationships among Blind people with the surrounding environmentA field study on the Blind Care Association in Latakia
The aim of the research is to identify the difficulties of establishing social relationships among blind people with the surrounding environment. The descriptive analytical approach was used. The sample size was (205) individuals. A random, stratified, relative sample was drawn that takes into account the qualitative distribution of the blind. The percentage of males in the community was (65.6%) compared to (34.4%) of females. The total number of blind people in the Blind Care Society was (436) blind people. The questionnaire was prepared as a tool for collecting data. After collecting data from the blind, it was analyzed using the SPSS program to reach a set of results, the most important of which were: The style of treating the environment, and the negative preconceived view of the blind person hindered the blind person from establishing social relationships with the surrounding environment. There were no differences between the average responses of females and males on the axes of the style of treatment and acceptance of the environment. The average responses of females on the negative view scale were higher than the average responses of males, and the differences between the two averages were statistically significant. There are statistically significant differences in the responses of the sample members on the three scale axes according to the age variable. There are no statistically significant differences in the responses of the sample members on the three scale axes according to the income variable. There are statistically significant differences in the responses of the sample members on the three research axes treated according to the social status variable.
Textual criteria for selecting media texts in Arabic language teaching books for non-native speakers
The aim of the research was to build a list of textual standards for selecting media texts in Arabic language teaching books for non-native speakers, and then to identify the degree to which they are achieved in these books. The research adopted the descriptive analytical approach and represented the original community of the research, all series of teaching Arabic to non-native speakers. The researcher chose four (4) series from them; for their availability, their inclusion of media texts, their comprehensiveness, and their fulfillment of Arabic language skills. The sample for the research included (26) written media texts, and the research tools were represented by a list of textual standards and a form for analyzing the content of media texts in these series. The study reached a set of results, the most important of which was: The degree of achievement of textual standards in media texts in Arabic language teaching series for non-native speakers was (large). The standards came in terms of the degree of verification in the following order (Informativity in first place, then acceptability in second place, intentionality in third place, Situationality in fourth place, and Cohesion in fifth place with a very high degree of verification, while Coherence came in sixth place with an acceptable degree of verification, and intertextuality in seventh place with a weak degree of verification).