Damascus University Journal of educational and Psychologyical sciences
Damascus University Journal of educational and psychological sciencesis scientific, refereed, periodical and specialized magazine issued online by Damascus University in the Syrian Arab Republic, ISSN: 2789-6390 (online) ,Distinguished by originality, quality, and a solid scientific approach which provide scientific addendum in the fields of Education and its fundamental, Psychology, Psychological and Pedagogical Guidance, in addition to their therapy, psychological and educational measurement, tests, curricula, teaching methods and the various educational techniques, Kindergarten, Comparative Education and Special Education (Outstanding and Special Needs). It also accepts the presentation of new and distinguished Books by well-known Syrian or Arab researchers in their field of specialization
The Impact of Principals’ Leadership Skills in Government Secondary Schools on Enhancing the Inclusive School Climate for Students with Learning Difficulties in Kuwait: Teachers’ Perspectives
The present study examined the impact of principals' leadership skills on enhancing the inclusive school climate for students with learning disabilities in the State of Kuwait, from teachers’ perspectives. The study also identified differences across gender, academic qualification, years of experience, and educational district. A descriptive-analytical method was employed, and a validated and reliable questionnaire was administered to a simple random sample of (395) male and female teachers representing the six educational districts in Kuwait. The results indicated that principals’ practice of leadership skills was rated as high, with the dimension of motivation and inspiration ranking first. The findings also revealed that the level of the inclusive school climate was high. Statistically significant differences in leadership skills were found in favor of years of experience and educational district, whereas no differences were found for gender or academic qualification. Regarding the inclusive school climate, significant differences were found for gender, qualification, and district, while no differences were found for years of experience. Regression analysis showed that leadership skills significantly contributed to predicting the inclusive school climate. The study concluded with recommendations emphasising the need to develop training programs for principals of inclusive schools focusing on motivation and decision-making skills, as well as reinforcing policies that support an inclusive school climate.
Copyright (c) 2026 Damascus University Journal of educational and Psychologyical sciences
The Extent to Which the School of Educational Sciences at the University of Jordan Meets CAEP
This study investigates the extent to which the School of Educational Sciences at the University of Jordan meets the international accreditation standards of the Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP), from the perspective of graduate students. It also explores whether statistically significant differences exist in participants’ responses based on gender, level of education, or academic department. The sample comprises 141 graduate students selected through stratified random sampling. To achieve the study's objectives, a research instrument is developed based on the CAEP standards published on the official website (http://caepnet.org). Following translation, linguistic validation, and comparison with the instrument used in Al-Ani and Al-Ebri’s (2018) study, the final version includes 60 items. Results indicate that the overall mean score for the School's adherence to CAEP standards is 3.49 (SD = 0.86), reflecting a moderate level of achievement. Findings also reveal variation across the domains: Content and Pedagogical Knowledge ranks first with a high rating (mean = 3.74, SD = 0.83). The remaining domains receive moderate ratings, Quality Assurance and Continuous Improvement ranks second (mean = 3.41, SD = 1.04); Program Impact third (mean = 3.38, SD = 0.99); Candidate Quality, Recruitment, and Selectivity fourth (mean = 3.36, SD = 0.99); and Partnerships and Clinical Practice ranks last (mean = 3.34, SD = 0.86). No statistically significant differences are found in participants’ responses based on gender, educational level, or department. In light of these findings, the study recommends intensifying efforts to enhance the School’s alignment with international accreditation standards by systematically addressing the indicators under each standard to achieve a higher level of compliance.
Rumination responses and their relationship to the tendency towared revenge in a sample of adolescents
The current study aimed to identify the prevalence level of both ruminative responses and the tendency toward revenge among a sample of adolescents. It also examined the predictive power of ruminative responses on the tendency toward revenge, explored the nature of the relationship between the two variables, and investigated differences in their levels according to gender and age stage. A descriptive correlational approach was adopted, and two scales were prepared and translated: the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS-10) and the Basic Scale of the Tendency for Revenge (BSVT-11). These were administered to a sample of 338 male and female students from secondary schools and university-level institutions, distributed across middle and late adolescence stages. The results indicated that the prevalence level of ruminative responses among the sample was high, while the prevalence level of the tendency toward revenge was moderate. The findings also showed that ruminative responses significantly predicted the tendency toward revenge. A statistically significant correlation was found between the two variables. No significant differences were found based on gender, while significant differences emerged based on age stage, favoring middle adolescence.
Self- Glorification among Sample of secondary schools students in Damascus Governorate
This research aims to identify the level of self- Glorification in a sample of (500) secondary school students. A self- Glorification scale, developed by the researcher, was used to answer the research questions. A set of results was reached, the most Glorification of which are: The level of self- Glorification among the study sample members was high, and the most prevalent type of self- Glorification among the study sample members was digital self- Glorification. Regarding the differences among the study sample members on the self- Glorification scale according to the variables (gender, birth order, level of academic achievement), the differences were in favor of females and in favor of the smallest son. However, the differences were not significant on the same scale according to the variable of level of academic achievement.
Some variables causing poor reading among primary school students in the State of Kuwait
This study aimed to identify the most important personal, personal, familial, social and educational causes of poor reading among primary school students. To achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive analytical method and the questionnaire were used as a tool for collecting data, from the study sample, which consisted of (823) primary school teachers. In the State of Kuwait, the results showed that personal and personal reasons ranked first among the reasons leading to students’ weakness in reading, with an average of (3.70), and among these reasons were the lack of feeling of the importance of reading, which leads to poor reading, and weak concentration and lack of attention while reading. The class ranked first and second, while educational reasons came second with an average of (3.62). Among these reasons, the use of colloquial dialect in class leads to poor reading, and failure to take into account individual differences between students leads to students’ weakness in reading in both ranks. The first and second, and family and social reasons came third with an average of (3.56). Among these reasons, the lack of parental interest leads to students’ weakness in reading, and the lack of societal interest in culture and reading leads to poor reading in the first and second places. Finally, the results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the responses of the sample members regarding the causes of poor reading among primary school students in the State of Kuwait, with regard to the gender variable, in favor of male teachers, while there were no statistically significant differences between the responses of the sample members with regard to the variables of years of teaching experience and the educational region. Based on the results reached, the study recommended the need to pay attention to training teachers on modern teaching techniques and methods, which contributes to treating the problem of poor reading among students.
Copyright (c) 2025 Damascus University Journal of educational and Psychologyical sciences
The Effectiveness of an AI-Based Training Program for Pre-service Kindergarten Teachers in Producing Educational Films to Teach Arabic Language Concepts
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a training program based on artificial intelligence tools in enhancing educational film production skills among pre-service teachers majoring in Kindergarten Education. A quasi-experimental design with descriptive components was employed. The sample included 64 fourth year female students from the College of Education at Kuwait University, divided into a control group (n = 33) and an experimental group (n = 31). The experimental group received a structured AI based training program comprising five sessions (two hours each), using tools such as ChatGPT 4, MagicLight.AI, and Focal.AI. To measure the impact, the researcher developed and validated three instruments: the Educational Film Production Skills Scale, an Observation Checklist, and an Educational Film Quality Evaluation Form. The findings revealed statistically significant differences in post test scores in favor of the experimental group, indicating a marked improvement in their film production skills. Observation results rated their performance as “excellent,” and the final films produced demonstrated high quality according to pedagogical, technical, and linguistic standards. The effect size was large, confirming the training program’s substantial impact on students’ practical competencies in digital educational media production. Based on these findings, the study recommends adopting and generalizing this training model in kindergarten teacher preparation programs, due to its effective role in empowering pre-service teachers to produce interactive digital content that supports language learning among preschool children.
The Effect of Practical Application of Virtual Reality Technology on High School Science Teachers' Perceptions of Its Use in the Educational Process
Virtual reality is one of the modern technologies that has revolutionized many fields of life, including the educational sector. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the practical impact of virtual reality experiences on the perceptions of high school science teachers in Kuwait regarding the use of virtual reality in education. The study sample consisted of 43 science teachers divided into a control group of 19 teachers and an experimental group of 24. The study followed a quasi-experimental design appropriate for the nature and objectives of the research. A 13-item questionnaire was developed to measure the teachers' perceptions of using virtual reality in science education. Both the experimental and control groups completed a pre-questionnaire, read an article focused on using virtual reality, and then completed a post-questionnaire. However, after reading the article, the experimental group attended a hands-on training workshop on using virtual reality technology in teaching various high school science subjects. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the pre-questionnaire results, indicating that they were equivalent in their perceptions of using virtual reality in science teaching. However, the post-questionnaire results revealed statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group. Finally, when comparing each group's pre- and post-questionnaire results separately, statistically significant differences were found only in the experimental group. This indicates that the practical application of virtual reality technology positively influences the perceptions and beliefs of high school science teachers.
درجة توظيف مدرسي اللغة الإنجليزية لتطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي في تدريس اللغة في المرحلة الثانوية
هدف هذا البحث إلى التعرّف إلى درجة توظيف مدرسي اللغة الإنجليزية في المرحلة الثانوية في سورية لتطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي، والكشف عن الفروق في الاستخدام تبعاً لمتغيرات: الجنس، المؤهل العلمي، سنوات الخبرة، والخضوع لدورات تدريبية. استخدم البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتم تطبيق استبانة ضمت خمس مجالات في التدريس (التخطيط، التنفيذ، التقويم، التواصل مع الطلاب، وعوائق توظيف AI في التدريس)على عينة مكونة من 87 معلماً ومعلمة. أظهرت النتائج أن درجة الاستخدام كانت متوسطة، كما كشفت عن وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تعزى لمتغيري المؤهل العلمي وسنوات الخبرة، بينما لم تُسجل فروق دالة إحصائياً تعزى لمتغيري الجنس والتدريب. وبناءً على النتائج، قُدمت بعض المقترحات، كضرورة تدريب المعلمين على توظيف تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي، وتوفير بيئة مدرسية داعمة ومجهزة تقنياً، بالإضافة إلى إجراء دراسات لاحقة حول فاعلية الذكاء الاصطناعي في تنمية مهارات اللغة.
Attitudes Toward Voluntary Work- Among Students at Sultan Qaboos University and the University of Damascus
This study investigates the attitudes of university students at Sultan Qaboos University and the University of Damascus toward voluntary work. The research aims to identify students’ orientation toward volunteering, explore the underlying motivations and areas of interest, and examine the main deterrents and perceived impacts of volunteerism. The study also assesses whether students’ attitudes differ based on university affiliation, field of study, or gender. A total of 242 undergraduate students participated in the study. The researcher employed a standardized instrument to measure attitudes toward voluntary work. Findings reveal a generally positive orientation toward volunteering, with an overall mean score of 74.11%. Attitudes related to the goals of voluntary work scored highest at 83.85%. Among the preferred domains, educational volunteering ranked first (81.90%), followed closely by social volunteering (81.03%). Key barriers to participation included the lack of early familial socialization around altruism and voluntary engagement. Conversely, anticipated benefits of volunteer involvement included enhanced awareness of community challenges and a strengthened sense of national and religious belonging among students. Statistical analyses indicated significant differences in attitudes based on university and academic discipline, whereas no significant gender-based differences were observed
Administrative Procrastination and Its Impact on the Quality of Operational Plan Implementation According to the Kaizen Methodology in Inclusive Schools in the State of Kuwait
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between administrative procrastination and the quality of operational plan implementation according to the Kaizen methodology in inclusion schools in the State of Kuwait. The descriptive correlational method was employed, with the study population consisting of (20,504) teachers during the academic year (2024/2025). The study sample included 479 teachers selected through stratified random sampling, representing 2.33% of the total population. The main tool for data collection was a questionnaire that included two main sections: the Arabic scale of administrative procrastination (Abdel-Khaleq & Al-Dughaym, 2011), and the scale of the quality of operational plan implementation based on Kaizen methodology with its three dimensions: continuous improvement, efficiency of implementation and waste reduction, and participation and monitoring.The results revealed that the level of administrative procrastination was low, reflecting a decline in procrastination practices. In contrast, the mean score of the participants’ estimates of the quality of operational plan implementation according to Kaizen methodology was (3.49), indicating a moderate level of application. The results also showed statistically significant differences in administrative procrastination based on gender (in favor of males) and years of service (in favor of those with less than five years), as well as in the quality of implementation based on gender (in favor of females) and years of service (in favor of those with medium and long service). Correlation analysis indicated a significant negative relationship between administrative procrastination and the quality of operational plan implementation (r = -0.491), meaning that higher procrastination leads to lower quality. Regression analysis further revealed that administrative procrastination accounted for about 24.1% of the variance in implementation quality. In light of these findings, the study presented recommendations targeting the training of school leaders in planning and implementation, and adopting Kaizen methodology systematically to reduce manifestations of administrative procrastination and enhance institutional efficiency in inclusion schools.
The Role of Education in the Development of Human Capitaland his Effect of Education on Societal Economic Growth
This study investigates the problematic relationship between education and economic development, and explores the various dimensions linking education to human capital. To this end, the study provides a definition of human capital and emphasizes the role of education in its formation. It then examines the issue of educational investment in the economic field, drawing insights from global developmental experiences. The study focuses particularly on the empirical determinants of education’s impact on economic returns, especially the influence of human capital on individuals’ and graduates’ material income. Furthermore, it discusses the broader impact of education on the economic growth of human societies. The study ultimately concludes that education plays a significant role in both economic and social development, and that investment in human capital constitutes the most effective and valuable form of economic investment. This effect is clearly reflected in global development models such as the Japanese experience and the economic progress of the Asian Tigers
Educational Activities Used To Develop Kindergarten Children's Speaking Skills From The Teachers' Perspective In Damascus.
The aim of the research was to identify the activities used in developing speaking skills in kindergarten children from the point of view of teachers in the city of Damascus. Using the descriptive analytical approach, the research sample consisted of (102) public and private kindergarten teachers, who were selected by simple random method at a rate of (13.97%). In the city of Damascus for the academic year 2023/2024 AD, the researcher used for research purposes a questionnaire consisting of (36) items distributed over three axes, which are (representation, story, games) after verifying its validity and reliability, and the study reached the following results: The most activities used by kindergarten teachers are: games with a high degree (2.61), This was followed by storytelling with a high score (2.59), then acting in last place with a high score (2.58). There was no statistically significant difference attributed to the kindergarten affiliation variable (public/private) or the training courses variable. There was a statistically significant difference attributed to the years of experience variable in favor of more years of experience and higher academic qualifications.
The effect of the imaginative learning strategy on on the achievement and developing predictive thinking skills in the physiology course for first-year students. Classroom teacher at the Third College of Education in Daraa.
The aim of the research is to study the effect of the imaginative teaching strategy on developing predictive thinking skills in the physiology course for first-year classroom teachers. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher followed the quasi-experimental approach, by designing an achievement test, in addition to a test of predictive thinking skills. The research tool was applied to a sample consisting of (30) male and female students representing the experimental group. The research reached the following results: There is a positive effect of imaginative learning on academic achievement and predictive thinking skills among the study sample members. There are statistically significant differences between the average scores of students in the experimental group in the pre- and post-tests on the achievement test, and the differences were in favor of the post-test. There are statistically significant differences between the average scores of students in the experimental group in the pre- and post-tests on the thinking skills test, and the differences were in favor of the post-test. There were no statistically significant differences between the average scores of students in the experimental group in the post-test and the delayed test on the achievement test. There were no statistically significant differences between the average scores of students in the experimental group in the post-test and the delayed test on the predictive thinking skills test.
Content Analysis of the Psychology Unit in the Philosophy and Humanities Textbook for the Secondary Stage According to the Indicators of the Theory of Multiple Intelligences
The aim of this research was to analyze the psychology unit prescribed in philosophy and humanities textbooks for secondary stage classes (10th grade,11th grade literary stream,12th grade literary stream ) According to the Indicators of the theory of multiple intelligences. To achieve this goal, a descriptive-analytical approach was used through content analysis. A list of multiple intelligence indicators was prepared, including the seven intelligences (linguistic, logical, visual, bodily, musical, social, and interpersonal). This was used to analyze the psychology unit from the philosophy textbook for the three grades. The necessary validity and reliability were tested. To extract results, frequencies, percentages, and the Chi-square test(x2) were used for goodness of fit. The results of the analysis were as follows: The distribution of multiple intelligences in the psychology unit for the three grades was unequal, as the intelligences (visual, linguistic, and interpersonal) were included in order, with higher scores than the expected frequency for the 10th grade. In the 11th grade, the intelligences (logical, interpersonal, visual, and linguistic) emerged, in order, with higher scores. In the 12th grade, the intelligences (interpersonal, visual, logical, and social) were more frequently than expected, and the inclusion of bodily-kinesthetic and musical intelligences was very low. In light of the results, some recommendations and proposals were presented, including reconsidering the development of secondary stage curricula and designing them according to the theory of multiple intelligences
The Role of Teacher in Character Education for Middle School Students in the State of Kuwait from the teachers’ Point of View
The study aimed to explore the role of teachers in character education for middle school students in Kuwait from the perspective of teachers. It also sought to identify differences in the average responses of the study sample regarding the teacher's role in character education based on variables (sex and years of experience), relying on the descriptive methodology, and to achieve the objectives of the study a questionnaire was applied. It consisted of the initial data of the participants, and the four axes of the study (teacher’s role in teaching character education, teacher’s role as a role model, challenges facing character education, and proposals to improve character education) within (54) statements. The original study population consisted of (7097) middle school teachers in the Ahmadi educational area in Kuwait, and an intentional sample of (171) male and female teachers was withdrawn representing (2.41%) of the original community. The results indicated that the role of teachers in character education for middle school students in Kuwait, as perceived by the teachers, came to a large degree in both the first and second axes, while it came to a very large degree in both the third and fourth axes. Additionally, the findings revealed no statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level in the average scores of the sample attributable to gender, while differences were observed among groups based on years of experience. The study suggested promoting the concept of character education in schools through various curricular and extracurricular activities for students. It also emphasized the necessity of integrating character education into the curriculum, as it aligns with the teachings of Islam and contributes to the development of balanced personalities grounded in values and ethics. Furthermore, the study called for organizing educational workshops and training programs for teachers on how to foster character education and interact effectively with students, given that teachers serve as role models.
The Extent of Coverage of Islamic Jurisprudential Concepts in the Islamic Education Textbook for the Third Secondary Grade from the Perspective of Teachers
The study aims to determine the extent to which the Islamic Education textbook for third secondary-grade students in the Syrian Arab Republic addresses Islamic jurisprudential concepts for the academic year 2024/2025. This will be achieved by answering the following questions: - To what extent does the Islamic Education textbook for third secondary-grade students address the concepts of worship? *- To what extent does the Islamic Education textbook for third secondary-grade students include concepts of transactions? *- To what extent does the Islamic Education textbook for third secondary-grade students encompass concepts of the family system? The researcher employed a questionnaire to investigate the jurisprudential concepts at this educational stage and grade from the perspective of Islamic Education teachers in the areas of worship, transactions, and the family system, excluding other areas due to the urgent need of students in these three domains. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by presenting it to a group of specialists from the faculty of Education and Sharia at Damascus University. Its reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha, yielding a score of (0.906), and using the split-half method, it reached (0.910). Thus, the questionnaire demonstrates good reliability indicators suitable for the purposes of the research.The finalized questionnaire was administered to a sample of (25) teachers, and the results were analyzed statistically using means and percentages. The findings indicated that there are no statistically significant differences at the (0.05) level regarding the extent to which the Islamic Education textbook addresses the jurisprudential concepts in the three mentioned areas. The researcher recommended a reconsideration of the content of the Islamic Education textbook for third secondary-grade students so that the jurisprudential concepts are clearer, more expansive, and offer broader rulings, having a positive impact on students in real-life contexts, aligning with their level and stage.
Les Différences dans certains traits de personnalité parmi un échantillon d'élèves ayant des difficultés d'apprentissage à la lumière de certaines variables (sexe et ordre de naissance).
L'objectif de la recherche est d'étudier la relation entre les traits de personnalité des élèves ayant des difficultés d'apprentissage et les variables de genre et d'ordre de naissance. Pour atteindre ses objectifs, la chercheuse a utilisé "la version arabe syrienne de l'échelle d'Eysenck des traits de personnalité du jeune", qui a été traduite et standardisée dans l'environnement syrien par Amtanius Mikhail en 2008. Cette échelle comprend les dimensions suivantes (extraversion, névrosisme, psychose, hypocrisie "mensonge"). Les résultats ont montré qu'il n'y avait pas de différences signifiantes statistiquement dues aux facteur de genre, et d'ordre de naissance (le plus grand, moyen, le plus petit, seulement). Ces résultats ont été confirmés par certaines études mentionnées dans la recherche. Le travail s’est conclu par un certain nombre de propositions dérivées des résultats de l’étude
Attitudes of Damascus University faculty members towards the challenges of artificial intelligence applications and the ethics of its use in scientific research
The research aimed to identify the attitudes of faculty members at Damascus University towards the challenges of artificial intelligence applications and the ethics of its use in the field of scientific research. The research followed the descriptive analytical approach, and included a sample of (120) faculty members at the Faculty of Education at Damascus University. The attitudes questionnaire was used to reveal the attitudes of faculty members towards the challenges of artificial intelligence applications and the ethics of its use in scientific research, which consisted of (54) items distributed over five axes prepared by the researcher. The results showed that the degree of faculty members’ attitudes towards the challenges of artificial intelligence applications and the ethics of its use was average for all axes and the questionnaire as a whole. The results also indicated no differences between faculty members' attitudes toward the challenges of AI applications and the ethics of its use in scientific research, based on the variables of academic rank and years of experience. In light of the results, a set of proposals was developed.
Postgraduate students' attitudes towards using Smart Applications in learning a Second Language
The current research aims to identify the attitudes of postgraduate students towards using smart applications in learning a second language. To achieve the research objectives, the study adopted the descriptive analytical approach and prepared a questionnaire consisting of (32) items distributed over four main axes. It was applied to a sample consisting of (20) postgraduate students during the academic year 2024-2025. The research reached the following results: The overall average of attitudes towards using smart applications was (4.21 out of 5), reflecting a high positive attitude among sample members. The emotional dimension came in first place, the cognitive dimension came in second, and the behavioral dimension came in last place. Nearly (65%) of students indicated that they use smart applications for less than one hour per day, with the Duolingo application taking first place. Memrise came in second place. Developing conversation skills was the most targeted, while vocabulary development, followed by reading skills, and writing skills. No statistically significant differences were found based on gender, academic level, or place of residence.
Standard’s Characteristics of Love Indicators List A Field Study on a Sample of Adults in Damascus
This study investigates the psychometric properties of a newly developed "Love Indicators List" designed to assess the multifaceted dimensions of love among adults in Damascus. The research addresses the challenges of defining and measuring love by proposing a comprehensive tool grounded in three primary indicators: continuity over time, positivity, and emotional liberation, along with ten sub-dimensions such as attention, participation, trust, and physical touch. The study involved a sample of 419 adults, employing both reliability and validity tests to ensure the tool's robustness. Results demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha ranging from 0.933 to 0.942) and strong construct validity, with significant correlations between sub-dimensions and their respective primary indicators. Hypotheses testing revealed no statistically significant differences in love indicators based on gender or age for most dimensions, though specific sub-dimensions like participation and physical touch showed gender-related variations. The findings underscore the tool's reliability and validity, offering a culturally sensitive instrument for evaluating love in psychological and social research. This study contributes to the broader understanding of love as a complex, measurable construct and provides a foundation for future applications in therapy and relationship counseling.
The role of artificial intelligence techniques in improving the quality of the educational process and the obstacles to its implementation from the perspective of students of the Educational Qualification Diploma at the Third College of Education - Daraa Branch
The aim of the research was to identify the role of artificial intelligence technologies in improving the quality of the educational process and the obstacles to its implementation. The sample consisted of (191) male and female students from the Diploma of Educational Qualification at the Third College of Education in Daraa. To achieve the research objective, the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach and designed a questionnaire consisting of (33) paragraphs to know the opinions of the sample members about the role of artificial intelligence technologies in improving the quality of the educational process and the obstacles to its implementation. The research reached the following results: 1. From the perspective of the research sample, artificial intelligence technologies play an important role in improving the quality of the educational process, with the overall arithmetic mean reaching (3.48), which is a high score. 2. There are moderate obstacles to the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in education (3.37). 3. There are no statistically significant differences in the arithmetic means for the role of artificial intelligence technologies in improving the quality of the educational process and the obstacles to its implementation, attributable to the variables: (gender and degree specialization).
Parents' Level Of Knowledge Of The Early Indicators Of Stuttering Disorder.
The aim of the research was to identify the level of parents’ knowledge of the initial indicators indicating the presence of stuttering disorder, and its relationship to some variables such as gender, age, and educational qualification. The research sample consisted of (40) parents of children suffering from stuttering disorder who receive treatment in some special education centers in Damascus. Using a stuttering disorder monitoring checklist prepared by the researcher, the results showed that the level of parents’ knowledge of the initial indicators of stuttering disorder ranged between low and medium levels. The study also reached the following conclusions: 1-There were no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the research sample members on the list of monitoring initial indicators indicating the presence of stuttering disorder according to the gender variable. 2-There are statistically significant differences between the average scores of the research sample members on the list of monitoring initial indicators indicating the presence of stuttering disorder according to the age variable in favor of the age group (31) and older. 3-There are statistically significant differences between the average scores of the research sample members on the list of monitoring initial indicators indicating the presence of stuttering disorder according to the educational qualification variable in favor of parents with higher educational qualifications.
Seriousness at Work and Its Relationship to the Six Big Factors of Personality in Light of the (HEXACO-60) Model Among a Sample of Employees at the Commercial Bank of Syria
The current research aims to identify the level of seriousness at work, and to identify the six most common major factors. and to verify the possibility of predicting seriousness at work through the six big factors of personality, and to identify the relationship between seriousness at work and the six big factors of personality, and to reveal the differences between the average scores of individuals in a sample of employees at the Commercial Bank of Syria on the scales of (seriousness at work, and the six big factors of personality) according to the variables: (gender, number of years of experience). For this purpose, the researcher chose a sample consisting of (150) male and female workers. The seriousness scale was used in the work and the big six personality factors scale (HEXACO-60). The most important results reached by the current research: The level of seriousness at work among the members of the research sample was average with respect to the sub-dimensions and the total score, and the most common of the six big factors of personality among the members of the research sample came in the following order: (agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, openness to experience, honesty-humility, emotionality), and that seriousness at work can be predicted through the six big factors of personality. The results also showed a negative inverse correlation with the factor (emotionality), and a positive correlation with the rest of the factors, and the presence of statistically significant differences on the scale of seriousness at work according to the variables: (gender, number of years of experience). The presence of statistically significant differences on the scale of the six big factors of personality according to the gender variable, and the absence of statistically significant differences according to the number of years of experience variable.
Differences in emotional intelligence according to blood types (A, B, AB, O( A field study on a sample of students of the Second College of Education
The research aimed to identify the level of emotional intelligence The level of emotional intelligence of the dimensions of the scale for each blood group, and to reveal the differences in emotional intelligence according to blood types (A, B, AB, O), and according to the gender variable. The number of sample members was (160) male and female students, who were selected using the intentional sample method, following the descriptive analytical approach. The Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Scale - Youth Version was applied, and the data were processed through the statistical package (SPSS-21). The research reached the following results: - That the students with the blood group (AB) obtained an arithmetic mean in all dimensions of the emotional intelligence scale. - There are statistically significant differences between the average scores of the sample members on the emotional intelligence scale according to the blood type (A, B, AB, O), which is in favor of blood type (AB). - There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the male sample members on the emotional intelligence scale according to the gender variable.
The Degree of Availability of the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) Standards Among Faculty Members at the Faculty of Education in Damascus University
The research aimed to identify the degree of availability of standards from the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) among the faculty members at the Faculty of Education at Damascus University, The research relied on a descriptive approach, and to achieve its goal, an electronic questionnaire was designed to collect data that would help determine the degree of availability of ISTE standards among faculty members. The questionnaire included (25) items distributed across seven axes: (1) the learner teacher, (2) the leader teacher, (3) the citizen teacher, (4) the collaborative teacher, (5) the designer teacher, (6) the facilitator teacher, and (7) the analyst teacher, The sample of the research consisted of (97) faculty members at the Faculty of Education at Damascus University. The results showed the following: The overall degree of agreement for the questionnaire was rated as "high", The degree of agreement for the overall axes of "the learner teacher, the leader teacher, the designer teacher and the analyst teacher" was rated as (medium), while the degree of agreement for the overall axes of "digital citizen, the collaborative teacher, and the facilitator teacher" was rated as (high), The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of faculty members on the questionnaire regarding the degree of availability of the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) standards attributed to the variable of academic rank. Additionally, there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the participants from the Department of Curriculum and Instruction and those from the departments of Special Education, Psychology, Foundations of Education, Comparative Education, and Counseling, A comparison of group means showed that the difference was in favor of the first group (Department of Curriculum and Instruction). In contrast, no statistically significant differences were found between the mean scores of participants from the Department of Curriculum and Instruction and those from the departments of Classroom Teacher and Measurement and Evaluation, the study provided an interpretation of the results, along with some suggestions.
The degree of possession of classroom teacher students of the skills of designing electronic lessons using the Microsoft Sway application
The research aimed to identify the degree of possession of classroom teacher students of the skills of designing electronic lessons using the Microsoft Sway application (Sway) and the effect of the variables (academic year and computer training courses) on that. In order to achieve the research objectives, the descriptive approach was used and a questionnaire was designed consisting of (30) statements distributed over five axes. The research sample consisted of (126) male and female students from the third and fourth years of (classroom teacher specialization) in the Faculty of Education at Damascus University. The research found that the degree of possession of the research sample members of the skill (planning the electronic lesson template using the Sway application) is high, and the skills (coordinating the content of the electronic lesson using the Sway application, adding interactivity to the electronic lesson using the Sway application, designing electronic tests using the Sway application) are average, and the skill (multimedia design) is low. The research results also showed that there is no statistically significant difference between the average scores of the research sample members’ responses to the axes of the questionnaire of skills of designing electronic lessons using the Sway application according to the variables of the academic year, and statistically significant differences were found according to the variable of training courses on computer use, in favor of the students who follow One or more training courses.
The Current Status of Early Childhood Education Institutions in Damascus City and a Proposed Framework for Their Development in Accordance with Comprehensive Quality Standards: A Field Study in Public and Private Kindergartens in Damascus City
The study aimed to evaluate the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) standards in kindergartens in Damascus (public and private), with a sample of 50 public kindergarten teachers and 122 private kindergarten teachers. The results revealed that the overall level of TQM application was moderate, with private kindergartens demonstrating a clear advantage. The most prominent challenge was the absence of a clear strategic plan to enhance quality, which led the researchers to propose a model for improving the application of these standards.
Semantic language disorders and its relationship to the theory of mind in autism spectrum children according to some variables
The current research aimed to explore the semantic language disorders and its relationship to the theory of mind in autism spectrum children according to some variables, the total sample consisted of 8 children ranged between (6-10 years) childrens, the researcher has used Semantic language disorders test and Theory of Mind test. The results showed that there were differences between the members of the younger age group and members of the older age group of the sample of autism on the semantic disorders and theory of mind tests. where the younger age group shows more difficulties compared to the older age group at Semantic language disorders test and Theory of Mind test It was also found that there were statistically significant relationship between semantic language disorders and theory of mind. In other word, children who have poor semantic language have more difficulties in the theory of mind.
Childhood abuse experiences and their relationship to video game addiction among a sample of secondary school students in Damascus schools.
This research aims to identify the relationship between childhood abuse experiences and electronic game addiction among a sample of secondary school students in Damascus schools; their number reached (560) male and female students. The scales of abuse experiences and electronic game addiction were used to answer the research questions and hypotheses. A set of results was reached, the most prominent of which are: There is a above average level of abuse experiences and electronic game addiction among the study sample members, and there is a positive relationship between both abuse experiences and electronic game addiction, and there are statistically significant differences between the study sample members on the abuse experiences scale according to the gender variable, and the differences were in favor of females, while the differences on the same scale were not significant according to the variable of the educational level of the parents, in addition to the presence of statistically significant differences between the study sample members on the electronic game addiction scale according to the variables of gender and the educational level of the parents, the differences were in favor of males, and students from uneducated families.
Childhood abuse experiences and their relationship to self-disclosure among a sample of adolescents without care
The current research aims to examine the correlation between childhood abuse experiences and self-disclosure among a sample of adolescents without parental care in SOS Children's Villages in Damascus. A descriptive analytical approach was adopted, utilizing two scales: the Childhood Abuse Experiences Scale (prepared by Al-Sayed, 2015) and the Self-Disclosure Scale (prepared by Gabriel, 2015). A random sample of 85 adolescents (47 males and:38 females) was selected. The results revealed: A high prevalence of childhood abuse experiences among the sample Low levels of self-disclosure. A statistically significant inverse correlation between childhood abuse and self-disclosure. Gender-based differences, with females reporting higher abuse experiences and males exhibiting greater self-disclosure The study concludes with practical recommendations for psychological interventions targeting this vulnerable group.